ARP spoofing attack, CC attack and DDoS traffic attack are more common and harmful attack methods. Their attack methods are analyzed as follows:
First, ARP spoofing attack
ARP (AddressResolutionProtocol, address resolution protocol) is used in the agreement converts IP addresses to MAC addresses. ARP spoofing exploits a vulnerability in the ARP protocol.
In normal network communication, when a host wants to send data to another host, it needs to know the MAC address of the target host. An ARP request will first be sent asking for the MAC address corresponding to the destination IP address, and then the destination host will return an ARP reply with its MAC address.
However, in an ARP spoofing attack, the attacker sends a forged ARP reply to other hosts in the network, associating his MAC address with the IP address of the target host. In this way, when other hosts want to communicate with the target host, data will actually be sent to the attacker's device, resulting in data theft, tampering, or communication interruption.
ARP spoofing attacks can be divided into two types: one-way spoofing and two-way spoofing. One-way spoofing means that the attacker only tricks the attacked host into sending data to the attacker's device; Two-way spoofing is to deceive both the attacked host and the gateway, so that the communication of both sides passes through the attacker.
In order to prevent ARP spoofing attacks,IP addresses can be statically bound to the correct correspondence between IP addresses and MAC addresses to prevent attackers from tampering. When the devices in the network always communicate according to a fixed IP-MAC mapping, they can avoid being spoofed. At the sametime, access control using IP addresses can reduce the risk of potential attacks by restricting access to unknown or suspicious ips. In addition, using IP address risk identification to monitor abnormal IP activities in the network, such as dial-a-second, a large number of frequent visits to the same address can detect the signs of attack in time, so that administrators can take measures quickly to ensure network security and reduce the harm caused by ARP spoofing attacks.
Second, CC attack
CC attack is achallengable application layer attack for Web server.
The principle of CC attack is to launch a continuous access to the target website by simulating a large number of user requests, so that the server resources are exhausted, resulting in normal users can not access. Different from traditional DDoS attacks, CC attacks do not rely on a large number of data packets to block the network, but by consuming the processing power and resources of the server to achieve the purpose of the attack.
Attackers usually use automated tools or botnets to launch CC attacks. They can impersonate a variety of request types, such as HTTPGET/POST requests, database queries, and so on, and can focus the attack on a specific page or feature of a website.
The harm of CC attacks is mainly reflected in the following aspects: it will cause the website to respond slowly or even become inaccessible, affecting the user experience; It increases the load of the server, which may cause the server to crash; And have a serious impact on the website's business, resulting in economic losses.
IP risk identification can quickly identify the source of abnormal traffic by analyzing the behavior pattern of accessing IP addresses. The suspicious IP that frequently initiates a large number of requests can be blocked to effectively block part of the attacks. At the same time, according to the geographical distribution of IP addresses, the access frequency limit is set to prevent blocking the concentrated malicious access in specific areas. In addition, the IP address can be used to establish a white list and a black list mechanism to ensure the smooth access of legitimate users and block possible attack sources. Finally, combining IP address with other protection methods, such as CAPtCHA and access policy, can further enhance the effect of preventing CC attacks, and ensure the stability and security of network services to the greatest extent.
Third. DDOS traffic attacks
DDoS attack (DistributedDenialofService, distributed denial of service) flow is a powerful means of network attack.
The core idea of DDoS attack is to control a large number of dummy hosts (also known as "chickens") and send a large number of invalid requests or data packets to the target server at the same time, so that the network bandwidth and system resources of the target server are exhausted, and the target server cannot normally process the requests of legitimate users, resulting in service paralysis.
DDoS attacks can be classified into traffic based attacks and protocol based attacks. Flow-based attacks such as UDPFlood, ICMPFlood, etc., block the network by sending a large number of packets; Protocol-based attacks such as SYNFlood, ACKFlood, etc., exploit the vulnerability of TCP/IP protocol to consume server resources.
The scale of DDoS attacks can be very large, even reaching hundreds of Gbps of traffic per second. Restoring service often takes a long time for the target of a DDoS attack and can cause severe financial and reputational damage.
Defending against DDoS attacks is a comprehensive task that needs to be tackled from multiple aspects. IP address can quickly identify the origin area of abnormal traffic by analyzing the source. Based on this, access from suspicious IP segments can be restricted or monitored. IP addresses can also be used to establish an access whitelist, allowing only trusted ips to access critical services and blocking potential attack sources. For IP addresses that repeatedly launch attacks, they can be added to the blacklist and blocked. At the same time, according to the distribution and access law of IP addresses, a reasonable traffic threshold is set in advance, which triggers an early warning once it exceeds, so that defense measures can be started quickly, so as to effectively reduce the harm caused by DDoS attacks. At the same time, network operators can also cooperate with traffic cleaning equipment to filter out malicious traffic. At the same time, network operators can also cooperate with traffic cleaning equipment to filter out malicious traffic. Websites can cooperate with high-defense servers, increase bandwidth, optimize network architecture and other ways to enhance their resilience, so as to achieve multi-proned cooperation.
